Mars has both north and south polar ice caps. These polar caps, like ours on Earth, grow and recede with the Martian seasons.
The south polar area contains a series of layered deposits thought to be composed mainly of frozen carbon dioxide (dry ice), dust and some recently discovered water ice. This photo shows the south polar cap of Mars at its smallest size of about 400 kilometers (249 miles). It looks reddish because of the Martian red dust that has been absorbed into it.
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